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10 Good PHP Projects for Beginners with Detailed Explanations and Code

Rajan Sachdeva

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Welcome to our carefully selected guide to mastering PHP through practical PHP projects that have been tailored for beginners and professionals. This comprehensive resource presents ten meticulously crafted projects that serve as the ideal launchpad for your journey into web development. Each project has been thoughtfully designed to provide hands-on experience in key areas such as database management, user authentication, and form integration. With step-by-step guidance and detailed explanations, you will build functional applications and gain a deep understanding of the underlying concepts that power the web.

This blog is valuable for anyone interested in learning web development and its associated technologies. The ten projects included in this guide will teach you the fundamentals of web development and provide you with practical experience that will help you build your applications. The projects are presented clearly and concisely, with detailed explanations of each step, making it easy for you to follow along and learn at your own pace.

At the end of each project, you will have a fully functional application that you can use as a starting point for your own projects. You will also have gained a deep understanding of the technologies and concepts that underpin web development, which will enable you to build more complex applications in the future.

PHP Project 1. Event Management System

First, we create a database

Step 1: Start XAMPP Server:
  • Launch the XAMPP control panel.
  • Start the Apache and MySQL services.
Step 2: Access phpMyAdmin:
  • Open a web browser.
  • Enter the URL http://localhost/phpmyadmin to access the phpMyAdmin interface.
Step 3: Login to phpMyAdmin:
  • Enter your username and password if required.
  • Click on the “Go” button to login.
Step 4: Create a Database:
  • On the phpMyAdmin dashboard, locate the “Databases” tab and click on it.
  • Enter a name for your database in the “Create database” field.
  • Choose the appropriate collation from the dropdown menu.
  • Click on the “Create” button to create the database.
Step 5: Navigate to the Database:
  • Once the database is created, you’ll see it listed in the left sidebar.
  • Click on the database name to select it.
Step 6: Create a Table:
  • After selecting the database, you’ll be taken to its interface. Click on the “SQL” tab to enter SQL commands manually. Write an SQL command to create a table. For example:
-- Create 'events' table to store event information
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS events (
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    event_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    date DATE NOT NULL,
    time TIME NOT NULL,
    location VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
    description TEXT
);
  1. Replace users with your desired table name and define the columns along with their data types, constraints, and defaults.
  2. Click on the “Go” button to execute the SQL command.
Step 7: Verify Table Creation:
  1. After executing the SQL command, phpMyAdmin will display a message indicating whether the command was successful or not.
  2. You can also navigate to the “Structure” tab to see the structure of the newly created table.
Step 8: Close XAMPP Server:

Once you’re done with your tasks, close the XAMPP control panel to stop the Apache and MySQL services.

Step 9: Create Database Connection File (db.php):

We have a separate file db.php to establish a database connection using MySQLi.

<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "event_management";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. This module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 10: Main File (index.php):
<?php
// Include the database connection file
require 'db.php';

// Function to display events
function displayEvents($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch all events from the database
    $query = "SELECT * FROM events";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any events
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each event
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            echo "<h2>{$row['event_name']}</h2>";
            echo "<p>Date: {$row['date']}</p>";
            echo "<p>Time: {$row['time']}</p>";
            echo "<p>Location: {$row['location']}</p>";
            echo "<p>Description: {$row['description']}</p>";
            echo "<button>Register</button><br>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no events, display a message
        echo "No events available.";
    }
}

?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Event Management System</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Event Management System</h1>
    <h2>Upcoming Events:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayEvents function to show events
    displayEvents($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>
  1. In, we include db.php establishing the database connection.
  2. We define a function displayEvents to fetch and display events from the database.
  3. The displayEvents function executes a SELECT query to fetch all events from the events table.
  4. It then loops through the result set and outputs event details (name, date, time, location, description) and a registration button for each event.
  5. The HTML structure index.php displays a heading and calls the displayEvents function to show the upcoming events.

PHP Project 2. Online Polling System

Create a polling_system database by following the steps mentioned in the above project.

Step 1: Create Database Connection File (db.php):
<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "polling_system";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. This module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 2: Main File (index.php):
<?php
// Include the database connection file
require 'db.php';

// Function to display polls
function displayPolls($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch all polls from the database
    $query = "SELECT * FROM polls";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any polls
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each poll
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            echo "<h2>{$row['question']}</h2>";
            // Form to submit vote for the poll
            echo "<form method='post' action='vote.php'>";
            echo "<input type='hidden' name='poll_id' value='{$row['id']}'>";
            // Radio buttons for voting options
            $options = json_decode($row['options'], true);
            foreach ($options as $option) {
                echo "<input type='radio' name='vote' value='$option'> $option<br>";
            }
            echo "<button type='submit'>Vote</button>";
            echo "</form>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no polls, display a message
        echo "No polls available.";
    }
}

?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Online Polling System</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Online Polling System</h1>
    <h2>Current Polls:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayPolls function to show polls
    displayPolls($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>
  1. Including Database Connection File:
    • The line require 'db.php'; includes the db.php file, which contains the database connection code. This establishes the connection to the MySQL database.
  2. Function to Display Polls:
    • The displayPolls function is defined to fetch and display polls from the database.
    • It takes the MySQLi object $mysqli as a parameter, which represents the database connection.
  3. Fetching Polls from the Database:
    • Inside the function, an SQL query is constructed to fetch all polls from the polls table in the database.
    • The query result is stored in the $result variable.
  4. Displaying Polls:
    • An if statement checks if there are any polls returned from the database (i.e. if the number of rows in the result is greater than 0).
    • If there are polls, a while loop iterates through each row of the result set using $result->fetch_assoc().
    • For each poll, its question is displayed as a heading (<h2>) using {$row['question']}.
    • A form is created for submitting votes for the poll, with its action set to ‘vote.php’.
    • A hidden input field is used to store the poll ID, which is necessary for identifying the poll when submitting the vote.
    • Radio buttons are generated for each voting option using the options stored in the options column of the database. The options are decoded from JSON format using json_decode.
    • Finally, a submit button (<button>) is added to the form to allow users to vote.
  5. Handling No Polls:
    • If there are no polls available in the database, the else block is executed, and the message “No polls available.” is displayed.

PHP Project 3. Recipe Sharing Platform

Create a recipe_platform database by following the steps mentioned in the above project.

Step 1: Create Database Connection File (db.php):
<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "recipe_platform";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. This module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 2: Including Database Connection File
<?php
// Include the database connection file
require 'db.php';
  1. This section includes the db.php file using the require statement.
  2. It ensures that the database connection is established before executing any database-related operations in this file.
Step 3: Function to Display Recipes
// Function to display recipes
function displayRecipes($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch all recipes from the database
    $query = "SELECT * FROM recipes";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any recipes
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each recipe
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            echo "<h2>{$row['title']}</h2>";
            echo "<p>By: {$row['author']}</p>";
            echo "<p>Ingredients: {$row['ingredients']}</p>";
            echo "<p>Instructions: {$row['instructions']}</p>";
            echo "<hr>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no recipes, display a message
        echo "No recipes available.";
    }
}
  1. This section defines a PHP function displayRecipes($mysqli) to fetch and display recipes from the database.
  2. Inside the function, it constructs an SQL query to select all recipes from the recipes table.
  3. It executes the query using $mysqli->query($query) to get the result set.
  4. If there are recipes in the result set, it loops through each row and outputs the recipe’s title, author, ingredients, and instructions.
  5. If there are no recipes, it displays a message indicating that there are no recipes available.
Step 4: HTML Structure
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Recipe Sharing Platform</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Recipe Sharing Platform</h1>
    <h2>Latest Recipes:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayRecipes function to show recipes
    displayRecipes($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>
  1. This section contains the HTML structure of the webpage.
  2. It includes the document type declaration (<!DOCTYPE html>) and defines the HTML document’s language (<html lang="en">).
  3. Inside the <head> section, it sets the character encoding and viewport for better display on various devices.
  4. It sets the title of the webpage to “Recipe Sharing Platform” in the <title> tag.
  5. In the <body> section, it displays a heading “Welcome to the Recipe Sharing Platform” (<h1>).
  6. It then displays a subheading “Latest Recipes:” (<h2>).
  7. The PHP code <?php displayRecipes($mysqli); ?> is used to call the displayRecipes function to show the latest recipes fetched from the database.

PHP Project 4. Job Board Application

Create a job_board database by following the steps mentioned in the above project.

Step 1: Database Connection (db.php)
<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "job_board";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. This module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 2: Including Database Connection File
<?php
// Include the database connection file
require 'db.php';
  1. This section includes the db.php file using the require statement.
  2. It ensures that the database connection is established before executing any database-related operations in this file.
Step 3: Function to Display Job Listings
// Function to display job listings
function displayJobListings($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch all job listings from the database
    $query = "SELECT * FROM job_listings";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any job listings
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each job listing
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            echo "<h2>{$row['title']}</h2>";
            echo "<p>Company: {$row['company']}</p>";
            echo "<p>Description: {$row['description']}</p>";
            echo "<hr>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no job listings, display a message
        echo "No job listings available.";
    }
}
  1. This section defines a PHP function displayJobListings($mysqli) to fetch and display job listings from the database.
  2. Inside the function, it constructs an SQL query to select all job listings from the job_listings table.
  3. It executes the query using $mysqli->query($query) to get the result set.
  4. If there are job listings in the result set, it loops through each row and outputs the job listing’s title, company, and description.
  5. If there are no job listings, it displays a message indicating that there are no job listings available.
Step 4: HTML Structure
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Job Board Application</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Job Board Application</h1>
    <h2>Latest Job Listings:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayJobListings function to show job listings
    displayJobListings($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>
  1. This section contains the HTML structure of the webpage.
  2. It includes the document type declaration (<!DOCTYPE html>) and defines the HTML document’s language (<html lang="en">).
  3. Inside the <head> section, it sets the character encoding and viewport for better display on various devices.
  4. It sets the title of the webpage to “Job Board Application” in the <title> tag.
  5. In the <body> section, it displays the heading “Welcome to the Job Board Application” (<h1>).
  6. It then displays a subheading “Latest Job Listings:” (<h2>).
  7. The PHP code <?php displayJobListings($mysqli); ?> is used to call the displayJobListings function to show the latest job listings fetched from the database.

PHP Project 5. Online Bookstore

Create a online_bookstore database by following the steps mentioned in the above project.

Step 1:Database Connection (db.php)
<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "online_bookstore";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. This module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 2: Including Database Connection File
<?php
// Include the database connection file
require 'db.php';
  1. This section includes the db.php file using the require statement.
  2. It ensures that the database connection is established before executing any database-related operations in this file.
Step 3: Function to Display Books
<?php
// Function to display books
function displayBooks($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch all books from the database
    $query = "SELECT * FROM books";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any books
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each book
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            echo "<h2>{$row['title']}</h2>";
            echo "<p>Author: {$row['author']}</p>";
            echo "<p>Price: {$row['price']}</p>";
            echo "<hr>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no books, display a message
        echo "No books available.";
    }
}
?>
  1. This section defines a PHP function displayBooks($mysqli) to fetch and display books from the database.
  2. Inside the function, it constructs an SQL query to select all books from the books table.
  3. It executes the query using $mysqli->query($query) to get the result set.
  4. If there are books in the result set, it loops through each row and outputs the book’s title, author, and price.
  5. If there are no books, it displays a message indicating that there are no books available.
Step 4: HTML Structure
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Online Bookstore</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Online Bookstore</h1>
    <h2>Available Books:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayBooks function to show books
    displayBooks($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>
  1. This section contains the HTML structure of the webpage.
  2. It includes the document type declaration (<!DOCTYPE html>) and defines the HTML document’s language (<html lang="en">).
  3. Inside the <head> section, it sets the character encoding and viewport for better display on various devices.
  4. It sets the title of the webpage to “Online Bookstore” in the <title> tag.
  5. In the <body> section, it displays the heading “Welcome to the Online Bookstore” (<h1>).
  6. It then displays a subheading “Available Books:” (<h2>).
  7. The PHP code <?php displayBooks($mysqli); ?> is used to call the displayBooks function to show the available books fetched from the database.

PHP Project 6. Inventory Management System

Create a inventory_management database by following the steps mentioned in the above project.

Step 1:Database Connection (db.php)
<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "inventory_management";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. This module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 2: Including Database Connection File
<?php
// Include the database connection file
require 'db.php';
  1. This section includes the db.php file using the require statement.
  2. It ensures that the database connection is established before executing any database-related operations in this file.
Step 3: Function to Display Inventory Items
<?php
// Function to display inventory items
function displayInventory($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch all inventory items from the database
    $query = "SELECT * FROM inventory";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any inventory items
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each inventory item
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            echo "<h2>{$row['product_name']}</h2>";
            echo "<p>Quantity: {$row['quantity']}</p>";
            echo "<p>Price: {$row['price']}</p>";
            echo "<hr>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no inventory items, display a message
        echo "No inventory items available.";
    }
}
?>
  1. This section defines a PHP function displayInventory($mysqli) to fetch and display inventory items from the database.
  2. Inside the function, it constructs a SQL query to select all inventory items from the inventory table.
  3. It executes the query using $mysqli->query($query) to get the result set.
  4. If there are inventory items in the result set, it loops through each row and outputs the inventory item’s name, quantity, and price.
  5. If there are no inventory items, it displays a message indicating that there are no inventory items available.
Step 4: HTML Structure
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Inventory Management System</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Inventory Management System</h1>
    <h2>Inventory Items:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayInventory function to show inventory items
    displayInventory($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>
  1. This section contains the HTML structure of the webpage.
  2. It includes the document type declaration (<!DOCTYPE html>) and defines the HTML document’s language (<html lang="en">).
  3. Inside the <head> section, it sets the character encoding and viewport for better display on various devices.
  4. It sets the title of the webpage to “Inventory Management System” in the <title> tag.
  5. In the <body> section, it displays the heading “Welcome to the Inventory Management System” (<h1>).
  6. It then displays a subheading “Inventory Items:” (<h2>).
  7. The PHP code <?php displayInventory($mysqli); ?> is used to call the displayInventory function to show the available inventory items fetched from the database.

PHP Project 7. Task Tracking Application

Create a task_tracking database by following the steps mentioned in the above project.

Step 1:Database Connection (db.php)
<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "task_tracking";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. This module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 2: Including Database Connection File
<?php
// Include the database connection file
require 'db.php';
  1. This part of the code includes the db.php file, which contains the database connection settings.
  2. It ensures that the database connection is established before executing any database-related operations in this file.
Step 3: Function to Display Projects and Tasks
<?php
// Function to display projects and tasks
function displayProjectsAndTasks($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch projects and their tasks from the database
    $query = "SELECT projects.project_name, tasks.task_name, tasks.status FROM projects LEFT JOIN tasks ON projects.project_id = tasks.project_id";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any projects and tasks
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each project and its tasks
        $current_project = "";
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            if ($current_project != $row['project_name']) {
                echo "<h2>{$row['project_name']}</h2>";
                $current_project = $row['project_name'];
            }
            echo "<p>Task: {$row['task_name']} - Status: {$row['status']}</p>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no projects and tasks, display a message
        echo "No projects and tasks available.";
    }
}
?>
  1. This section defines a PHP function displayProjectsAndTasks($mysqli) to fetch and display projects and their tasks from the database.
  2. It constructs a SQL query to select projects and their tasks using a LEFT JOIN operation on the projects and tasks tables.
  3. The query fetches project names, task names, and task statuses.
  4. It executes the query using $mysqli->query($query) to get the result set.
  5. If there are projects and tasks in the result set, it loops through each row and outputs the project name, task name, and task status.
  6. If there are no projects and tasks, it displays a message indicating that there are no projects and tasks available.
Step 3: HTML Structure
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Task Tracking Application</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Task Tracking Application</h1>
    <h2>Projects and Tasks:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayProjectsAndTasks function to show projects and tasks
    displayProjectsAndTasks($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>

PHP Project 8. Discussion Forum

Create a discussion_forum database by following the steps mentioned in the above project.

Step 1:Database Connection (db.php)
<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "discussion_forum";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. This module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 2: Including Database Connection File
<?php
// Include the database connection file
require 'db.php';
  1. This section includes the db.php file, which contains the database connection settings.
  2. It ensures that the database connection is established before executing any database-related operations in this file.
Step 3: Function to Display Forum Topics and Messages
<?php
// Function to display forum topics and messages
function displayForumTopicsAndMessages($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch forum topics and their messages from the database
    $query = "SELECT topics.topic_title, messages.message_text, messages.username FROM topics LEFT JOIN messages ON topics.topic_id = messages.topic_id";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any forum topics and messages
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each forum topic and its messages
        $current_topic = "";
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            if ($current_topic != $row['topic_title']) {
                echo "<h2>{$row['topic_title']}</h2>";
                $current_topic = $row['topic_title'];
            }
            echo "<p>Message: {$row['message_text']} - User: {$row['username']}</p>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no forum topics and messages, display a message
        echo "No forum topics and messages available.";
    }
}
?>
  • This section defines a PHP function displayForumTopicsAndMessages($mysqli) to fetch and display forum topics and their messages from the database.
  • It constructs a SQL query to select forum topics and their messages using a LEFT JOIN operation on the topics and messages tables.
  • The query fetches topic titles, message texts, and usernames associated with each topic.
  • It executes the query using $mysqli->query($query) to get the result set.
  • If there are forum topics and messages in the result set, it loops through each row and outputs the topic title, message text, and username.
  • If there are no forum topics and messages, it displays a message indicating that there are no forum topics and messages available.
Step 4: HTML Structure
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Discussion Forum</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Discussion Forum</h1>
    <h2>Forum Topics and Messages:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayForumTopicsAndMessages function to show forum topics and messages
    displayForumTopicsAndMessages($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>
  1. This section contains the HTML structure of the webpage.
  2. It sets the document type and defines the language of the document.
  3. The <head> section sets the character encoding and viewport for better display on various devices and sets the title of the webpage.
  4. In the <body> section, it displays a heading “Welcome to the Discussion Forum” and a subheading “Forum Topics and Messages:”.
  5. It then calls the displayForumTopicsAndMessages function to show the forum topics and messages fetched from the database.

PHP Project 9. Expense Tracker

Create a expense_tracker database by following the steps mentioned in the above project.

Step 1:Database Connection (db.php)
<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "expense_tracker";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. his module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 2: Including Database Connection File
<?php
// Include the database connection file
require 'db.php';
  1. This part of the code includes the db.php file containing the database connection settings.
  2. It ensures that the database connection is established before executing any database-related operations in this file.
Step 3: Function to Display Expenses
<?php
// Function to display expenses
function displayExpenses($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch expenses from the database
    $query = "SELECT * FROM expenses";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any expenses
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each expense
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            echo "<p>Category: {$row['category']} - Amount: {$row['amount']}</p>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no expenses, display a message
        echo "No expenses recorded.";
    }
}
?>
  1. This section defines a PHP function displayExpenses($mysqli) to fetch and display expenses from the database.
  2. It constructs a SQL query to select all expenses from the expenses table.
  3. The query retrieves all columns from the expenses table.
  4. It executes the query using $mysqli->query($query) to get the result set.
  5. If there are expenses in the result set, it loops through each row and outputs the expense category and amount.
  6. If there are no expenses, it displays a message indicating that there are no expenses recorded.
Step 4: HTML Structure
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Expense Tracker</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Expense Tracker</h1>
    <h2>Expenses Recorded:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayExpenses function to show expenses
    displayExpenses($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>
  1. This section contains the HTML structure of the webpage.
  2. It sets the document type and defines the language of the document.
  3. The <head> section sets the character encoding and viewport for better display on various devices and sets the title of the webpage.
  4. In the <body> section, it displays a heading “Welcome to the Expense Tracker” and a subheading “Expenses Recorded:”.
  5. It then calls the displayExpenses function to show the expenses fetched from the database.

PHP Project 10. Appointment Scheduling System

Create a appointment_system database by following the steps mentioned in the above project.

Step 1:Database Connection (db.php)
<?php
// Define database connection parameters
$host = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "";
$database = "appointment_system";

// Attempt to establish a connection to the MySQL database
$mysqli = new mysqli($host, $username, $password, $database);

// Check if the connection was successful
if ($mysqli->connect_errno) {
    // If connection fails, echo an error message
    echo "Connection Unsuccessful!!!";
    // Terminate the script to prevent further execution
    exit();
}
?>
  1. This module establishes a connection to the MySQL database using MySQLi.
  2. It defines variables for database connection parameters such as hostname, username, password, and database name.
  3. The new mysqli() constructor is used to create a new MySQLi object and establish a connection to the database.
  4. It checks if the connection was successful using $mysqli->connect_errno. If an error occurs, it echoes an error message and terminates the script.
Step 2:Function to Display Expenses
<?php
// Function to display expenses
function displayExpenses($mysqli) {
    // Query to fetch expenses from the database
    $query = "SELECT * FROM expenses";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if there are any expenses
    if ($result->num_rows > 0) {
        // Output each expense
        while ($row = $result->fetch_assoc()) {
            echo "<p>Category: {$row['category']} - Amount: {$row['amount']}</p>";
        }
    } else {
        // If there are no expenses, display a message
        echo "No expenses recorded.";
    }
}
?>
  1. This section defines a PHP function displayExpenses($mysqli) to fetch and display expenses from the database.
  2. It constructs a SQL query to select all expenses from the expenses table.
  3. The query retrieves all columns from the expenses table.
  4. It executes the query using $mysqli->query($query) to get the result set.
  5. If there are expenses in the result set, it loops through each row and outputs the expense category and amount.
  6. If there are no expenses, it displays a message indicating that there are no expenses recorded.
Step 2:Function to Add Expenses
// Function to add a new expense
function addExpense($mysqli, $category, $amount) {
    // Sanitize inputs to prevent SQL injection
    $category = $mysqli->real_escape_string($category);
    $amount = $mysqli->real_escape_string($amount);

    // Insert new expense into the database
    $query = "INSERT INTO expenses (category, amount) VALUES ('$category', '$amount')";
    $result = $mysqli->query($query);

    // Check if the insertion was successful
    if ($result) {
        echo "Expense added successfully.";
    } else {
        echo "Error adding expense: " . $mysqli->error;
    }
}
  1. If both fields are filled, it sanitizes the inputs using $mysqli->real_escape_string() to prevent SQL injection attacks.
  2. It constructs an SQL query to insert the new expense into the expenses table.
  3. It executes the query using $mysqli->query() and checks if the insertion was successful.
  4. If the insertion is successful, it displays a success message.
  5. If an error occurs during insertion, it displays an error message along with the error details.
  6. If either the category or amount field is empty, it displays a message asking the user to fill in both fields.
Step 4: HTML Structure
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Expense Tracker</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Welcome to the Expense Tracker</h1>
    <h2>Add New Expense</h2>
    <form method="post" action="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]); ?>">
        <label for="category">Category:</label>
        <input type="text" name="category" id="category">
        <br>
        <label for="amount">Amount:</label>
        <input type="text" name="amount" id="amount">
        <br>
        <input type="submit" value="Add Expense">
    </form>

    <h2>Expenses Recorded:</h2>
    <?php
    // Call the displayExpenses function to show expenses
    displayExpenses($mysqli);
    ?>
</body>
</html>
  • This section contains the HTML structure of the webpage.
  • It sets the document type and defines the language of the document.
  • The <head> section sets the character encoding and viewport for better display on various devices and sets the webpage’s title.
  • In the <body> section, it displays the heading “Welcome to the Expense Tracker”.
  • It includes a form to add a new expense. The form has input fields for category, amount, and a submit button.
  • When the form is submitted, it sends the data to the same page ($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]) for processing.
  • Below the form, it calls the displayExpenses function to show the expenses fetched from the database.

Conclusion:

As you finish exploring these 10 PHP and MySQL projects, you’re not just wrapping up a chapter; you’re starting a journey that’s full of endless opportunities. With your newfound expertise and a portfolio packed with practical applications, you’re well-prepared to take on the challenges of modern web development with confidence and professionalism. So, don’t miss out on this chance, keep honing your skills, and let your love for coding lead you to even greater heights in your career.

References:
  1. Stack Overflow: https://stackoverflow.com/
  2. GitHub: https://github.com/
  3. Codecademy: https://www.codecademy.com/
  4. PHP.net Community: https://www.php.net/community.php
  5. Udemy PHP Courses: https://www.udemy.com/courses/search/?q=php
Rajan Sachdevahttps://studysyncro.com/
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